19 ( 2013 ) No . 4 84 PROPOSALS FOR STRATEGIES IN THE CURRICULA OF TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES

Into the past 20 years, in Romania is registered a continuous decrease of the birth rate. At this problem it has to be added the youth wish to work in economics and laws systems, where the length of time study is smaller (only 3 years), gaining the possibility to own rapidly a salary. In those conditions, technical universities have to challenge greater provocations. The paper propose a solution, partially applied in “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau, to solve some of these new problems using a few solutions such as: “virtual” higher education and distance learning methods in order to achieve as much as is possible from the goals presented in known theories of career development. In the mean time, the strategy of the staff is presented, to make the university attractive for the youth, in order to continue the educational activity and to form better and better qualified specialists, able to face the new techniques technologies in manufacturing and product analysis. A model of curricula for the first two academic years in technical high schools is proposed.


INTRODUCTION
According to the official statistics, the Romanian government had dedicated a large budget for high education between the '50 and '80 years.As a result, a relevant progress was registered: more high schools, teachers and students.Despite the education law registered in 1948, in a Stalinist style that altered many actions in the high education process, the authorities had elaborated and passed a new law in 1968.The new law could restore the old Romanian traditions as existing before the second world war, along with the modern teaching methods in education and pedagogy.But the effects of the failure in the economy after the '80 years, putted the whole education system in Romania in the same crisis, a crisis that was unfortunately deeper and deeper after the Romanian revolution, due to the hesitations of the new governments [1].
Declining living standards, unemployment and stress are specific factors of the transition period.According to the specialists, recent evolutions of the birth rate are not foreign to a different perception of living, which becomes to be characterized by individualism and by consumption society, being in the meantime a part of a larger process of demographic and psycho social alteration, known as "the second demographic transition".
There are a lot of examples that can sustain that idea: in Greece, as well as in the whole world, having children is not compulsory for a large part of adult population; 30% from the women that had graduated an university in the west part of Germany decide not to have children and the phenomenon is extending to the middle class men, without high school studies [2]; in Great Britain, the number of women without children had doubled in the past 20 years [3]; Germany has the most reduced birth rate from the whole Europe, about 8.6‰ [3]; less marriages, less new born children and more deaths -that is the result of a new federal statistic study.
Federal Office of Statistics from Wiesbaden had published the following conclusion [4]: last year, in Germany had died more people that were borne, 830,000 death, versus 686,000 new borne, so the difference between death and born is about 144,000.Only 388,000 marriages was legalized so, 1.9% less than the last year.If we look in the year 1990, there were 516,000 marriages.In Germany, in 2005, was borne 2.8% less children than the previous year, but in 2003 was even worth.A lot of politicians hoped that the immigration will cover that deficit, but in the last year (as an example) only 79,000 people had come [4].
In these circumstances, when global modular education is required, especially in the field of Humanities and Economics in Romania are made only the first steps.There are voices that speak for some time about modularized education in higher technical education without taking into account its peculiarities.The purpose of this paper is to suggest a possibility to move to higher technical education studies structured by modules, highlighting and limitations of this system.

NEW BORN RATE IN ROMANIA
In the 1995 year, total fertility index has descended to only 1.3 children to a woman and had remained to this level in the next years [5].Or, comparing to the past 10 years, this level shows a decreasing of almost "a child to a woman".The factors that can motivate this birth rate decreasing are shown by several specialists: women's empowerment and increasing participation in economical outside the household; increase the duration and level of education; weakening influence of cultural norms; increasing social mobility; high costs of child; economic function of reducing child and especially the role of economic security or the elderly; emergence of modern contraception, etc.
In the meantime, another worrying phenomenon is the declining fertility index which, for the moment is about

CURRENT TRENDS IN THE AREA OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT
The world of work has been changing very rapidly in the past few decades.There is ever-changing technology, shifting requirements for worker knowledge and skills, and a global labor surplus.All these changes are likely to affect the career development of individuals across the life span.Current trends in the area of career development include the following [5]: there is a greater awareness of the need to attend to career development issues across the life span; there continues to be a greater focus on career transitions; substantial changes will continue to occur in the economic, occupational, industrial, and social environments, and these changes will influence individual career development; along with more sophisticated technology and work procedures, there is a greater need for a better educated workforce; there will be more participation in retraining programs to develop new skills and update and enhance current skills due to changing job opportunities; it is likely that flexibility in work schedules will increase, giving more options to workers with particular needs, such as mothers with young children; there will be even greater attention to the career development of a more diverse population; of increasing concern will be the impact of employment and unemployment on mental health; as the "baby boom" generation approaches the traditional retirement age, more research has been generated concerning decisions regarding when to retire and how to plan for retirement; There are several theories for the career development.The most important are: Trait-and-Factor theory, Ginzberg's theory, Super's theory, Roe's theory of early childhood influences on career choice and the theory of work adjustment.According to Holland's theory [5], the relation between the type of activity, the activity and the possible occupation is shown in Table 1

EDUCATION
Technology-driven school reform is still relatively new, and yet it is already present in all aspects of education.Supporters claim that the Internet will help propel students into the future and increase their understanding of the world.According to Gillan [6], the impact of technology is limitless to society, and society now demands that students develop the ability to operate in a technological environment.Donald J. Leu, Jr., Rachel A. Karchmer, and Deborah Leu [6] of Syracuse University have written that access to the Internet allows all teachers to benefit from learning what occurs in other classrooms around the globe.They point to the example of teachers and children at the Fahan School in Tasmania, who developed online resources that led to connections with schools in Malang, East Java, the International School in the Netherlands, and many others [6].
As an alternative to the "classic" high school education is the distance education.Distance education and its technologies require extensive planning and preparation.Teachers must be proficient in the use of communication technology and in the techniques proven effective in the distance education environment.Media must be appropriate to the technology and to the needs and abilities of the students.
The distance educator has the role of a guide or moderator more than that of a presenter or performer.Skills in communication are considered to be more important than content knowledge, because interaction of students is the factor that contributes most to learner success in distance education.
Distant students bring basic characteristics to their learning experiences, which influence their success in learning.Success as a distance learner depends on factors such as having the necessary skills for learning and communication, adapting to the technology-mediated social setting, engaging the learner in relevant activities, and having the appropriate technical skills and resources, according to Greg Kearsley [7].
The quality of distance learning courses or modules depends on content, pedagogy, motivation, feedback, organization, usability, assistance, assessment, and flexibility.The process of developing and implementing the distance education can be made in a circular cycle proposed by Cathy Cavanaugh supposing resourcespractices-results.Broadly considered, the three stages in the cycle are [7]: procurement and preparation of the resources necessary to meet the distance education goals; delivery of instruction using the best practices from education, business, and research; analysis of the results of distance education to gauge achievement of the goals.

CHANGE AND INNOVATION IN THE 21TH CENTURY
In now days, the most accessible method for mass higher learning is on-line, or "virtual," higher education."Online courses are often composed of students from all over the country -or the world -communicating via e-mail or video conference without ever setting foot on a physical college campus.Students in a mathematics class can, for example, simply dial in from a computer, watch a video of the lecture, and do their homework on-line.Initially, on-line education was often viewed as a preferred mode for meeting the needs of nontraditional, adult learners who needed to update their technological knowledge quickly, or who simply wanted intellectual enrichment.Increasingly, however, colleges and universities are incorporating on-line programs in their distance education and traditional programs, thereby allowing many more students access to higher education" [8].
High education performed in on-line system can be applied with great success, in studies program that does not involve for the graduates the acquisition of skills and competencies that are developed through practical laboratory.The treatise of Bologna for higher education, with a few exceptions such as engineering, medicine etc., is structured over three years of study.Those specialties that constitute exceptions are structured over four or more years of studying, including practical laboratories at which the presence of the student is mandatory.
Taking the example of a student in engineering studying program, the authors propose to group the disciplines that do not require specialized laboratories in a particular university, into the first two years of study.This generalization into the whole country, or more than that, into entire European Union, would lead to lower costs for the operation of a studying program, better implementation of programs such as LLP -Erasmus, and where it can be not avoided the study by laboratory practical application, it can be done in the nearest student university or college.
In such conditions, the authors propose a common curriculum for the first 2 studies years, even if we have to interface the "classical" high school education or "virtual" education, or distance e-learning in technical universities.This first part of the curricula is shown in Tables 2 and 3.In order to increase the quality of the high education, based on an adequate funded and specialists, all the universities should have the possibility to offer master and doctoral degrees, using new methods to investigate the processes, new testing devices and specialized software (such as software for finite element method analysis, or boundary elements method).
1.3 new born per woman.According to the Center for Computing and Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health, in Bulgaria the birth rate is 8.62 at 1,000 inhabitants, in Austria 9.28, in Germany 9.33, in Hungary 9.53, in Poland 9.79, in Portugal 11.75 and in Albania 16.18 [5].
According to the statistics, due to a low birth rate, in the next years the candidates for high education will be decreasingly less.The authors propose a common curricula base trunk for the first 2 years of study, focused on phenomenon.In the meantime, there are a few directions that the universities should develop the learning: further studies; continuing education; professional conversion; continue adapting to new training in industry.

Table 1 .
. Relation between the type of activity, the activity and the possible occupation.Of course, there are some convergence of career development theories conducted in this area, whose conclusions have not been reached, such as Krumboltz's social learning theory of career decision making, Career selfefficacy or other Noteworthy theories.

Table 2 .
First studying year curricula.

Table 3 .
Second studying year curricula.